Warning from CDC: Increase in Meningitis-Causing Bacteria

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a warning about a concerning increase in invasive meningococcal disease in the United States. In 2020, a total of 422 cases were reported, marking the highest number since 2014. This serious disease is caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis and has a fatality rate of 10-15%.

Symptoms of invasive meningococcal disease include fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, and photophobia. In some cases, the disease can present as bloodstream infections with symptoms such as fever, chills, and fatigue. The rapid progression of the disease can be life-threatening within hours, and long-term effects can include deafness or even amputation.

As of March 25, 2021, there have already been 143 reported cases. The majority of cases are occurring among individuals aged 30 to 60 years old, Black people, and those with HIV. Among the 94 patients with known outcomes, there has been an 18% fatality rate.

There are four different groups of meningococcal bacteria circulating in the US: A, B, C, W, and Y. Vaccines are available for all of these strains. The disease is spread through respiratory and throat secretions, not casual contact.

Healthcare providers are being urged to have a heightened suspicion for invasive meningococcal disease and ensure that their patients are up to date on vaccinations, especially those at higher risk. It is crucial for individuals to be aware of the symptoms of the disease and seek medical attention promptly if they suspect they may be infected.